VIRGINIA STATE UNIVERSITY

School of Liberal Arts and Education

Department of Music

Fall 2004

MUSI 281 Form and Analysis

MWF 10:00; Davis Hall, Room 210

Instructor: Dr. David Shaffer-Gottschalk

Office: Studio 209 524-5332, dshaffer@vsu.edu

Office Hours: TBA

Prerequisite: Basic Theory; Chromatic Harmony

Course Description: The basic skills involved in structural analysis of tonal music, with emphasis placed on the analysis of phrase structure and the ability to locate and identify the important structural principles and divisions within binary, ternary, sonata, rondo, variation, and imitative forms. Also included is an introduction to standard multi-movement forms.

Texts: Spencer, Peter and Peter M. Temko. A Practical Approach to the Study of Form in Music (1988, Prentice-Hall; reissued 1994, Waveland Press)

Burkhart, Charles, ed. Anthology for Musical Analysis, 6th ed. (2004, Schirmer)

Students should also obtain a 3-ring binder with side pockets to keep handouts and returned work organized. The ability to study from these resources is essential in this course.

Knowledge, Skills and Abilities gained in the course

KNOWLEDGE

At the conclusion of the course, the student will know:

- the standard musical forms

- the accepted terminology for musical form.

- a methodology for the analysis of tonal music.

- the importance of form in music, the appreciation of which can be applied to the student's other musical endeavors.

Evaluation Strategies: quizzes, examinations

SKILLS

On a given score of tonal music, the student will be able to:

- identify cadences and phrase structures.

- identify the overall formal structure of the selection.

- clearly mark sections, phrases, and cadences.

Evaluation Strategies: analysis assignments, examinations, in-class analysis work and discussion.

ABILITIES

The student will demonstrate progress in the ability to

- analyze harmony where necessary to illustrate the formal structures.

- support the formal analysis with rational arguments when questioned.

- write concise prose descriptions of musical form and phrase structure.

Evaluation Strategies: analysis assignments, examinations, in-class analysis work and discussion.

Additional Evaluations: Mid-Term Evaluation, Final Examination

Evaluation Breakdown:

40% Final Examination

20% Mid-Term Examination

40% Tests, assignments (this portion of the grade may be adjusted up or down for class participation)

[See Dr. Shaffer-Gottschalk’s classroom policies statement for more details about expected levels of participation.

Additional Course Requirements/Information:

MARKED SCORES

Some assignments and test questions in this class require you to mark and label a score. Neatness and clarity are essential on a labeled score: phrase endings and cadences must be exactly placed; Roman numerals must be directly beneath the chords they are meant to represent. If it is not clear, it is incorrect. [SUGGESTION - always do your initial markings lightly in pencil, particularly when preparing for class discussion on a given selection]. Be very organized and clear about your analysis work. Much of the classwork analysis and assignments will be used for future assignments or will appear on tests later in the term.

ASSIGNMENTS

The assignments in this class are more than merely work that is turned in. All reading assignments and analysis to prepare for class are necessary to the successful completion of the course.

SUGGESTIONS FOR SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION

1. Be at every class period, alert, prepared, and ready to learn.

2. Block out at least one hour daily for analysis study and practice.

3. Wear out your textbook by studying the examples in it! If you don’t understand, pester Dr. Shaffer-Gottschalk with questions until you do.

Course Outline – Fall 2004 (This outline is meant as a guide – classes may not correspond exactly to these dates)

8/23 Introduction – begin review of basic theory for analysis

8/25 Review/Drill

8/27 Review/Drill

8/30 Review/Drill

9/3 Review/Drill

9/5 Review/Drill

9/6 NO CLASS – LABOR DAY

9/8 Cadence and Tonality

9/10 Cadence in Musical Context

9/13 Structural Analysis and Structural Phenomena

9/15 Structural Units: Phrase

9/17 Structural Units: Period Structure

9/20 Structural Units: Extended Period Structure

9/22 Structural Units: Phrase Group

9/24 Sequence + Phrase Structure Analysis

9/27 Imitative Tools + Phrase Structure Analysis

9/29 Imitative Tools + Phrase Structure Analysis

10/1 Structural Functions + Phrase Structure Analysis

10/4 -10/13 Phrase Structure Analysis

10/15 Mid-Term Examination

10/18 NO CLASS - MIDTERM BREAK

10/20 Binary Form

10/22 Binary Form

10/25 Ternary Form

10/27 Ternary Form

10/29 Sonata Form

11/1 Sonata Form

11/3 Rondo and Sonata-Rondo

11/5 Rondo and Sonata-Rondo

11/8 Variations

11/10 Variations

11/12 Imitative Forms

11/15 Imitative Forms

11/17 Other Formal Structures

11/19 Multi-movement forms

11/22 Multi-movement forms

11/24,26 NO CLASS – THANKSGIVING HOLIDAY

11/29 -12/6 Analysis Wrap-up and Exam Review

Final Examination – Monday, December 13, 10:30-12:30

Supplemental Resources/Bibliography

Adair-Hauser, Audrey J. Types of Musical Form and Composition: 50 ready-to-use activities for grades 3-9. West Nyack, NY: Parker Pub. Co., 1987.

Berry, Wallace. Form in Music: an examination of traditional techniques of musical form and their applications in historical and contemporary styles, 2^nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prectice-Hall, 1986.

Caplin, William Earl. Classical Form: A theory of formal functions for the instrumental music of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

Cole, William. The Form of Music. London: Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music, 1969.

George, Graham. Tonality and Musical Structure. London: Faber, 1970.

Goetschius, Percy. Lessons in Musical Form; a manual of analysis of all the structural factors and designs used in musical composition. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1970.

Green, Douglass. Form in Tonal Music: an introduction to analysis, 2^nd ed. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1979.

Lewin, David. Musical Form and Transformation. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993.

Nadeau, Roland. Form in Music: process and procedure. Boston: Crescendo Pub. Co., 1974.

Rosen, Charles. The Classical Style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, expanded ed. New York: W.W. Norton, 1997.

Rosen, Charles. Sonata Forms, expanded ed. New York: W.W. Norton, 1988.

Spring, Glenn, and Jere Hutchinson. Musical Form and Analysis. Madison, WI: Brown & Benchmark, 1995.

Stein, Leon. Structure and Style: the study and analysis of musical forms, expanded ed. Princeton, NJ: Summy-Birchard Music, 1979.

Tovey, Donald Francis. The Forms of Music. New York: Meridian Books, 1956.

Tyndall, Robert E. Musical Form. Westport. Conn: Greenwood Press, 1977.